Dental Cyst Operation

Definition: the removal of a pathological fluid-filled cavity that can form in several places in the mouth.

There are several types of dental cysts:

• Periapical cyst - after the necrosis of pulp tissue inside a tooth that is left untreated,  the infection spreads to the apex and the cyst develops;
• Dentigerous cyst - develops near unerupted teeth, usually the wisdom ones. As the cyst grows (usually rapidly) it alters the position of the unerupted tooth;
• Residual cyst - develops in place of missing teeth;
• Keratocyst - an aggressive cyst that can grow into the jawbone.

How does it work?

The procedure begins with the doctor injecting an anesthetic to numb the working area. The cases of mild periapical cysts are commonly treated by endodontic therapy. As for other types of cysts, they are treated by oral surgery. The dentigerous one is treated by extracting the tooth followed by the excision of the cyst. The most complicated cyst to operate on is the keratocyst as it requires to remove a part of the jawbone’s wall to get to it. After exposing the cyst, the doctor will get it out carefully, and the space in the jawbone is then filled with bone graft material. Any unviable tooth will be extracted in the process. The procedure ends by suturing any incisions made.

What are the risks?

• Recurrence of the cyst;
• Unsuccessful procedure;
• Bleeding;
• Unsuccessful reshaping;
• Allergic reaction to the anesthetic or the bone graft material.

How to prepare for the procedure?

• You are required to take an X-ray of the area where the cyst is located;
• Don’t smoke or/and drink alcohol for at least 24 hours before the procedure.

How long does the procedure take?

Depending on the severity of the problem, the procedure might take from 1 to 2 hours.

How to recover after the procedure?

• You may be prescribed antibiotics before and several days after the procedure;
• The first 3-4 days after the procedure the gum tissue will feel sore and painful, which can be managed with painkillers and by avoiding hot, cold or spicy meals;
• To ease the pain and swelling you could put an ice pack on the area of the surgery;
• You can gently rinse your mouth with warm salt water to help with the swelling;
• During the first couple of days after the procedure eat only soft and cool food;
• Provide good hygiene for your teeth;
• You will be required to take another X-ray for confirmation of the success of the procedure;
• Don’t forget about your regular dental appointments for a healthy smile.